Brief Introduction of Decontamination Principle of Enzyme Preparation in Washing Industry

Brief Introduction of Decontamination Principle of Enzyme Preparation in Washing Industry

    The stains on our clothes or fabrics can usually be simply divided into protein stains dominated by blood stains and milk stains, fat stains dominated by oil positions, and starch stains dominated by daily foods such as porridge, noodles, chocolate, etc. The enzyme preparation can also be divided into protease, amylase, lipase and cellulase according to different types of stains in the washing process. The decontamination principles of several enzyme preparations are briefly introduced below.

    Alkaline Protease--The protease used in the laundry solution belongs to alkaline protease in order to ensure its biological activity and effect. The role of protease can be divided into two aspects. The first aspect is to decompose the macromolecular protein in the stain into small molecules with small adhesion and high solubility, so that it can be integrated into the solution and washed away. The second aspect is that some protein stains that are not easily decomposed can further hydrolyze with proteases, and the substances produced by the reaction are amino acids with good water solubility.

    Lipase--The action principle of lipase is different from that of protease, which can act in both directions. Its effect mainly depends on its own composition. It is usually a polypeptide chain triacylglycerol acyl hydrolase composed of amino acids. This substance is not only a good oil dissolving agent, but also catalyzes the decomposition of fat into easily soluble free fatty acids and glycerol.

    Amylase--The action principle of amylase has strong uniqueness and specificity, and the process of starch hydrolysis catalyzed by this enzyme is usually referred to as the key-locking model. The amylase added in the detergent in the market is not only heat-resistant, but also can rapidly decompose starch stains into soluble maltose and dextrin. In this process, the characteristic functional groups of starch interacted with the specific binding substrate of amylase, and finally formed the enzyme-substrate complex. This substance had a small molecular structure and would not be deposited on the laundry again, ensuring the decontamination effect.

    Cellulase--Cellulase used in laundry solution is mostly the type that can remove the surface fluff of cotton fabric and make the fiber structure more fluffy. It itself can directly dissolve or react with the stain, so cellulase is usually used as a detergent compliance agent or brightener. With the increase and deepening of cellulase research in the international scope, high crystalline cellulase with good anti-deposition effect and ability to remove particle fouling has appeared on the market.

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